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Forage Crops

 

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STUBBLE TURNIPS

 

Stubble turnips are a fast growing catch crop, popular with livestock farmers. They may be sown aft er first cut silage for summer grazing or after winter cereals for autumn usage. When planting a large acreage it is advisable to stagger sowing dates, increasing the seed rate in dry conditions. If using for dairy cow grazing it is important to take into consideration the distance between the field and the milking parlour. Strip grazing is advisable if possible to limit wastage. 

 

There are two types of stubble turnip: bulbing (see Barkant and Vollenda) and non bulbing (see Tyfon)

 

YIELD & FEED QUALITY

 Average dry matter yield  = 3.5 - 4.0 tonnes/hectare
 Average fresh yields  = 38 - 40 tonnes/hectare
 Dry matter             = 8 - 9%
 Crude protein  = 17-18% (mainly leaves)
 Digestibility value  = 68-70%
 Metabolisable energy  = 11 MJ/kg DM

   

 

Variety

Barkant

Vollenda (T)

Tyfon

Relative
Yield of
Dry Matter

 104

102 

102 

Dry Matter Content %)

9.5

9.7

8.9

Root Size
9 =large
1=small

4

5

2

Root
Anchorage
9=good
1=poor

5

4

6

Bolting
Resistance
early
sown)

9 =good
1=poor

6

9

3

Winter
Hardiness
9=good
1=poor

7

7

5

Club Root
9=good
1=poor

7

8

5

Powdery
Mildew
Resistance
9=good
1=poor

5

5

3

Source NIAB

 

VARIETIES

BULBING TYPES:

BARKANT

A proven variety of Stubble Turnip with the highest dry matter yield

  • Very Winter hardy
  • High dry matter yields
  • Highly digestible
  • Reliable

VOLLENDA (TETRAPLOID)

A highly digestible tetraploid variety noted for its speed of growth, yield and bolting resistance

  • A large leafed, highly digestible variety with good early vigour and good disease resistance
  • It retains its palatability throughout the season, and is noted for its yield, speed of growth and bolting resistance

 

Pack size 5kg & 25kg Supplied unteated as standard Flea Beetle treatment available on both Barkant & Vollenda

 

TYFON

A very fast growing cross between Chinese Cabbage and Stubble Turnip producing an abundance of palatable leaves

  • A leafy, fast growing cross between Chinese Cabbage and Stubble Turnip, producing 50 to 80 tonnes per hectare
  • It exhibits high frost resistance and can be utilised within eight to ten weeks aft er sowing
  • There is potential for regrowth
  • Pack size 5kg Seed treatment Thiram

 

 

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FORAGE RAPE  

Forage Rape has the advantage of being a very fast growing forage crop, suitable for grazing by sheep or cattle. An ideal catch crop for boosting mid Summer forage production when planted in the Spring.

   

YIELD & FEED QUALITY

 Average dry matter yield  = 3.5 tonnes/hectare
 Average fresh yields  = 24 - 35 tonnes/hectare
 Dry matter             = 12 - 14%
 Crude protein  = 19 - 20% (mainly leaves)
 Digestibility value  =  65D
 Metabolisable energy  = 10 - 11 MJ/kg DM

    

 

Consider growing in a mixture with Stubble Turnips to combine the benefits of both crops

VARIETIES

  • Napoleon
  • Emerald

 Zoom Brassica Mixture

This is a very vigorous and quick growing mixture
which is ideal for replacing failed crops or patching
spring sown crops. High seedling vigour gives a
reliable establishment of a high leaf to stem ratio crop
with carefully selected varieties that have good disease
and bolting resistance.

Pack size 5kg Rovral, Thiram & Sepiret treated

  

NAPOLEON

  • Very high yields and more Winter hardy than Emerald
  • Quick to establish, ideal catch crop
  • Can be mixed with grass to improve intake
  • Has a wide sowing window
  • Provides superb Autumn/Winter keep for finishing lambs and flushing ewes
  • Stock should be introduced gradually and an area of grassland should be available for animals to return to; hay or straw should also be made available

Pack Size 5kg & 25kg untreated

 

 

EMERALD

  • A rapidly establishing, medium-to-tall, palatable variety with above average dry matter yields and good general disease resistance

  • Pack Size 5kg & 25kg untreated


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PASJA Hybrid Root Crop

YIELD & FEED QUALITY

 

 Average dry matter yield  = 10 tonnes/hectare
 Regrowth potential           = Very high
 Crude protein  = 24%
 Metabolisable energy  = 12.5 MJ/kg DM

 

  • Pasja is a turnip/rape hybrid that has the unique forage characteristic of a large amount of leaf and a swollen root crown which anchors the plant fi rmly in the soil, the crown enabling the plant to re-grow after grazing
  • For maximum regrowth and highest total yield, rapid grazing is essential and overgrazing resulting in damage to the crowns should be avoided
  • Strip grazing 6 - 8 weeks from sowing is critical to future production and life-span of the crop and it must be back-fenced to facilitate regrowth
  • Pasja is very successful when direct drilled into cereal stubbles
  • The exceptionally leafy forage crop can produce up to 10 tonnes of good nutritional dry matter through the growing season
  • Do not prolong commencement of grazing aft er 42 days in the hope of increased yield
  • You may need to stagger sowing dates to ensure the Pasja does not over mature
  • Pack Size 5kg untreated

 

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FODDER BEET  

Fodder Beet is grown as a main root crop, which requires similar husbandry to Sugar Beet. It can produce substantial yields of high quality forage and is an excellent supplement to grass silage.  It can produce substantial yields of high quality forage and is an excellent supplement to grass silage. The roots are very palatable to stock and have superb feed quality.  Specialist harvesting equipment is required to lift the roots and storage is required unless they are strip grazed in situ. Medium dry matter varieties tend to have a higher percentage of root above ground and can be lift ed with a top lifter and therefore have a relatively low dirt tare. These highly palatable roots can be fed whole to stock. High dry matter varieties tend to sit further in the ground and require a sugar beet harvester to lift them. Due to the higher dirt tare and hardness of the root, these varieties may need to be chopped and washed before feeding. After wilting, the tops may be fed to stock and can contribute a further yield of 3-4 tonnes of protein-rich dry matter per hectare.

 

YIELD & FEED QUALITY


 

 Average dry matter yield  = 13-15 tonnes/hectare  
 Average fresh yield  = 80-90 tonnes/hectare
 Dry matter             = 12-19%
 Crude protein  = 12-13%
 Digestibility value  = 78D
 Metabolisable energy  = 12.5-13.5 MJ/kg DM

                

VARIETY

 Alpes

Magnum

Tintin

Kyros

Feldherr 

Jamon
 Clean dry
 matter yield
(100=15.2t/ha)

107

107

103

99

90

99

 As fresh yield
(100=100.4
 t/ha)

105

96

101

100

111

105 

 Dry Matter
 Content (%)

17.3

19.3

17.6 

16.8 

13.8 

16.2 

 Establishment
(9=good
1-poor)

6.9

7.4

8.2 

7.6

 Bolting (%) 

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.6 

0.2

Top size
(9=large
1= small) 

7.1

6.5

6.7 

7.2

7.4

6.8

 % of Root
 in ground

67

78 

72 

67 

59 

67 

Cleanliness
(9=best
1=worst)

6.4 

6.7 

6.1 

5.8

Rust
(9-best
1=worst) 

6

4

4

4

Ramularia
(9=best
1=worst) 

n/a 

7

n/a

 

 


 

VARIETIES

ALPES

  • The ultimate fodder beet variety from the world leading DLF Trifolium plant breeding programme
  • It has exceptional all round characteristics and is notably the highest yielding, cleanest fodder beet available, thus ensuring less waste and more profit
  • Alpes benefi ts from large top size and has 33% of its root above ground which allows for easy lifting
  • Good resistance to bolting.

 

MAGNUM

  • Magnum has a consistent root size and reliable high dry matter yields
  • It is a very palatable variety therefore increasing appetite and dry matter intake in all stock
  • Higher dry matter fodder beet has been shown to increase milk yield and daily live weight gain
  • Due to its high dry matter content it is more frost resistant than other varieties with a high proportion of clean, white root in the ground


TINTIN

  • Higher fresh and dry matter yield than Kyros
  • High establishment scores in NIAB trials ensure reliable, vigorous and even establishment in farm situations,
  • facilitating easier weed control and crop management
  • Tintin has uniform orange roots of medium dry matter content, ensuring easy
  • digestion by livestock
  • It produces a clean and easily lifted root (limited)


KYROS

  • A very consistent, high yielding variety producing a clean, highly palatable and easily digestible root at harvest Kyros will provide a high energy feed whole or chopped


Pack size -
50,000 seeds per acre

Seed Treatment - Mesurol, Gaucho and limited untreated seed available

 

 

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KALE

Kale is a Brassica crop traditionally grown for grazing by cattle or sheep in the Autumn and Winter. It can also be cut and fed to stock ‘in house’ or as an alternative can be ensiled as big bale kaleage. It is very adaptable and can grow on most sites throughout the UK. 

 

YIELD & FEED QUALITY

 Average dry matter yield  = 8-10 tonnes/hectare 
 Average fresh yield  = 60-65 tonnes/hectare
 Dry matter             = 14-16%
 Crude protein

 = 16-17% fresh 
  19-25% ensiled

 Digestibility value  = 68D
 Metabolisable energy  = 10-11 MJ/kg DM


 

 

Variety

Dry
Matter
Yield

Fresh Yield

Dry
Matter

Mean
Height
cm

Lodging Resistance

Winter Hardiness

Keeper

104

97

16.4

79.8

9.0

7.0

Maris Kestrel
(control)

100

100

14.8

61.8

8.9

7.0

Marrowstem

116

116

14.9

105.5

8.0

7.0

Pinfold

113

108

16.2

93.1

8.2

7.0

Thousand
Head

99

89

16.9

89.6

8.5

8.0

Bittern

111

107

16.1

83.7

9.0

7.0


Yields are tonnes/ hectare as a percentage of Maris Kestrel.
Winter Hardiness 1-9 (1 = poor, 9 = good) scored in January 1996 and March 1997
Lodging Resistance 1-9 (1 = poor, 9 = good)



 

VARIETIES


KEEPER

  • Keeper has a high leaf to stem ratio that stands well with good resistance to lodging and a high dry matter content ideal for autumn or winter utilisation

 

THOUSAND HEAD

  • Thousand Head is a slender stemmed variety bearing leafy foliage with very high D value and dry matter content
  • It has excellent winter hardiness providing forage for feeding after Christmas
  • Thousand Head can supply approximately 90 tonnes/ha of green forage matter

  •  
 *NEW*

GRÜNER ANGELITER KALE

  • A very high yielding variety with good winter hardiness and excellent feeding quality with fresh yields 15% higher than Caledonian Kale and 10% higher than Bittern in German trials
  • Grüner Angeliter has been the mainstay forage variety of Kale in New Zealand and has been tried and tested in all sorts of seasons for many years and is still very popular today
  • From the UK photo taken last year you can see where this excellent yield comes yield comes from

 

Pack size: 1 kg
Seed treatment: Rovral,Thiram & Sepiret
Flea Beetle Treatment available on Grüner Angeliter, Keeper and Thousand Head

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SWEDES

                                                                         

  • Swedes are a full season root crop which are mainly fed in situ; but can also be lift ed and stored in a clamp
  • They do best in areas of high rainfall, so are generally grown in the more northerly and western areas of the UK
  • Swedes also need good soil conditions and good drainage as they are sensitive to poor drainage; they do best in soils with a ph of approximately 6.5
  • Varieties are generally classed as fodder or culinary types; however there are some dual purpose types
 

YIELD & FEED QUALITY

 Average dry matter yield  = 7-10 tonnes/hectare  
 Average fresh yields  = 70-80 tonnes/hectare
 Dry matter             =  9-13%
 Crude protein  = 10-11%
 Digestibility value  =   82D
 Metabolisable energy  = 12.8-13.1 MJ/kg DM

 

Variety

Forage

Culinary

Root shape

Skin

colour

Flesh

colour

9=globe

1=tankard

Airlie

x

x

5

Light purple

Creamy white

Kenmore

x

 

6

Bronze

White

Marian

x

x

4

Purple

Yellow

Ruta Otofte

x

x

5

Dark Purple

Cream


 

VARIETIES

AIRLIE

  • Airlie has a very high fresh yield and good disease resistance
  • It is a dual purpose variety suitable for fodder and culinary use with purple skin and creamy white flesh
  • Airlie is an early to intermediate use variety

KENMORE - THE BEST FORAGE VARIETY  

  • Kenmore is an early maturing variety with medium dry matter, best suited as stock feed
  • It has good winter hardiness which means it has a very wide utilisation window
  • Kenmore has bronze skin with white flesh

MARIAN

  • Marian is a medium dry matter variety with moderate resistance to Club Root
  • It is a dual purpose variety suitable for fodder and culinary use with yellow coloured flesh and purple skin

RUTA OTOFTE

  • Ruta Otoft e is a medium dry matter variety with good Mildew resistance
  • It is a dual purpose variety suitable for fodder and culinary use with purple skin and cream coloured flesh
  • Ruta Otofte is a popular variety with sheep farmers


 

 

All natural seed is packed in 1 kg packs
Rovral, Thiram and Sepiret treated
All graded seed is packed in 0.25 kg packs
Rovral, Thiram, Seperit and Flea Beetle treated

  

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MAIN CROP TURNIP

Later maturing than Stubble Turnips with a higher dry matter and better winter hardiness. Th ey have a growing period of 12 - 15 weeks.


 

GREEN GLOBE

  • Green Globe turnips produce soft easily eaten roots that are well anchored into the ground, suitable for grazing by all types of stock
  • They will provide a very high fresh yield from large bulbs and are utilised between October and February, preferably strip grazed to reduce waste

Pack size 1 acre (1kg)
Sow Late May to July
Sowing rate Drill 1-1.5kg/acre Broadcast 2kg/acre

             
 

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